Copepod functional traits and groups show divergent biogeographies in the global ocean

Aim The distribution of zooplankton functional traits is a key factor for regulating food web dynamics and carbon cycling in the oceans. Yet, we lack clear understanding how many groups (FGs) exist their are distributed on global scale. Here, model map environmental habitats copepod (i.e. main component marine zooplankton) FGs to identify regions sharing similar trait expression at community level. Taxon Marine planktonic Neocopepoda. Location Global ocean. Methods Factor analysis mixed data hierarchical clustering were used based five species-level traits. An ensemble species models was estimate niches modelled weighted mean (CWM) values studied. Ocean defined community-level using principal clustering. Results Eleven copepods identified. They displayed contrasting latitudinal patterns annual habitat suitability that could be explained by differences niche preferences: two associated with polar conditions, one followed temperature gradient, tropical oligotrophic gyres remaining three boundary currents counter currents. Four varying CWM emerged: Southern Ocean, northern southern high latitudes, upwelling systems. Conclusions present will improve representation ecosystem models. This study improves drivers biogeography serve as basis studying links between biodiversity functioning context climate change.